• Worked as a senior developer in Microsoft cloud technologies
• Created a chrome extension to analyse user web visit habits
• Creted a digital twin of factory monitor system
• Domain : Energy Services, Data validation
• Technologies : AWS, Azure, ASP.NET, ADO.NET, Web API, CSS3, SQL

• Worked as the track lead of core development team
• Handled the SDLC phases of agile project development
• Worked uder ITIL standards of business
• Domain : Financial Services, Test Data Management
• Technologies : ASP.NET, ADO.NET, CSS3, Angular6, SQL, DB2, Web API

• Worked as a software developer in UI, Service and Database
• Domain : Microsoft Application Development
• Technologies : .NET MVC, WCF, CSS3, SQL

• Completed my Bachelors in Electronics and Communication from J K Institute of Applied Physics and Technology, University of Allahabad
• Attended 6 weeks of industrial training at CMC, Noida on Embedded Technology
• Attended 4 weeks of industrial training at ITC, Munger on Industrial Earth Pits

Introduction

The first assignment involved learning the basics of web-site building and hosting. We built a web-site using basic HTML, CSS and JavaScript and hosted it on IIT Delhi internal web server. We will be updating this web-site for all future assignments and projects. This web-site can be accessed by anyone over IIT Delhi WiFi network. The important steps involved in this exercise are explained in the following sections.

Required Software

Software	Purpose	Web Site
Visual Studio Code	For creating and editing HTML, CSS and JS documents	https://code.visualstudio.com/
WinSCP	For uploading the files from local machine to IIT Delhi server	https://winscp.net/eng/download.php
ImageMagick	For image resizing and compression	https://imagemagick.org/index.php
Kdenlive	For video editing	https://kdenlive.org/en/

Creating Web Site on Local System

• Create the HTML web page using Visual Studio Code
• Add CSS file and edit it to provide proper styling to the HTML page
• Add JavaScript file and edit it to provide proper animations and transitions to the HTML page
• Add relevant images to the HTML web page
• Embed relevant videos from your YouTube channel
• Create proper folder structure to arrange different types of files
• Make sure to save all the changes in all the files
• Test the website on local machine by browsing the HTML file in any internet browser
• Validate all the functionalities on the local system

Compressing Images using ImageMagick
1. Compress using GUI:

1. Open ImageMagick Display Software
2. Click on File > Open
3. Select the image to be compressed > Click Open

4. Click on View > Resize
5. Enter the pixel values OR the percentage values for the new image

6. Click OK then Click on Save button to save the new resized image

2. Compress using Command Prompt:

1. First to set up command prompt,add ImageMagick installation path as an environment variable. Open System Properties > Click on Advanced > Click on Environment Variables

2. Click on New > add path on ImageMagick installation directory> Ok

3. The above steps need to be done only once in a system to set up the command prompt. Once done, magick commands can be used using command prompt
4. Open command prompt > browse to the image folder > Type the magick command to identify the image

Uploading the Web Site on Server

• Open WinSCP
• Enter the host name, port, username and passowrd and click login

• On the right side pane, cerate new directory with name 'private_html'

• Open the newly created private_html folder
• On the left side pane, open the directory containg the files on loacal machine
• Select all the relevant files/folders in the left pane and drag drop them into right pane
• Now the site has been uploaded on IIT Delhi internal server

• Visit the site on IIT Delhi WiFi network via the link : http://privateweb.iitd.ac.in/~userid

Project Motivation

I have been fascinated by the hovercrafts since my childhood and always wanted to build one of my own. Also, having an indigenous hovercraft was one of the unrealized dreams of our former president Dr. Kalam. While still mesmerized by the relatively simpler mechanism and yet efficient way of transportation, I also want to fulfill my wish via this course by building a mini hovercraft controlled via bluetooth.

Project Idea

Through this project, I would create a 'Proof of Concept (POC)' on how to create and control a mini hovercraft using Adruino. It will be a hovercraft with navigation controlled via a controlling unit connected via bluetooth. This prototype could be manufactured at larger level for remote transportation and unmanned explorations - specially in remote and relatively difficult areas of water bodies. The vehicle has great potential in India in the fields of weather reporting, research activities, tourism and water sports. If invested and researched enough, this can also serve as a rescue vehicle in flood affected areas of our country. India having a large coastal area as well as numerous river systems internally, can really exploit this mode of transportation efficiently. The initial concept sketch is :

Approach
To realize this project, my focus would be mainly on two aspects : 1. Make sure the mechanical functionalities are met properly, and 2. Learn how to code the Adruino for bluetooth control on servomotors. I would follow the sequential approach as below:

1. First, make the mechanical structure and check its weight distribution and stability
2. Install the central and navigation propellers and check the unit works fine mechanically
3. Install the Adruino microcontroller unit to test the control of navigation propeller via wired joystick
4. Intsall the bluetooth components and test the wireless functionalities

Challanges

As I am doing this kind of project first time, I can foresee below challanges:

1. Understanding the aerodynamic structure of the hovercraft
2. Understanding the motor control via Adruino
3. Understanding the working of bluetooth unit with Adruino

Components

Foam (or any other light weight material)
High rpm DC motor
Servomotor
Propellers
Motor controller
Bluetooth master and slave unit
Adruino development kit
Li-ion Battery

Skills

1. CAD Modelling and Fabrication : For hovercraft body and other fitting parts
2. Electronics design and modelling : For motor controller and propellers
3. Microcontroller programming : For writing the code logic for controlled navigation

References

1. https://howtomechatronics.com/projects/diy-arduino-based-rc-hovercraft/
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dtUHe8wR67U

In this assignment, we learnt about basic programming with arduino. We created a 3X3 LED panel display and displayed the desired text on it via arduino coding. We also learnt and implemented the basic functioning of a push button.

Circuit Diagram


Program Features Used

1. Functions
2. String and Length properties
3. Iteration - For loop
4. Conditional - Switch Case
5. Conditional - If Else

Program Logic

1. Define 26 functions to display 26 individual alphabets

2. Write function to print 1 alphabet based on the provided alphabet. Do take care of both small and capital alphabets.

3. Write function to accept a string and for each alphabet in that string, it prints the alphabet using the two previous functions

4. Write functions to make all the LEDs high and low at a time

5. Write a Blink function using above two functions

6. Now, based on the push button state, either execute the blink function or the PrintName function

Blink and Name Display by Push Button Press



String Display via Serial Monitor Input

In this assignment, we learnt about different senors in our mobile phones and how to interact with different input and output devices via arduino kit.

Mobile Phone Sensors:
App used to get the readings in the phone: Sensors (available for Android devices on Google Play)


Sensors: Readings



Reading a Sensor via Microcontroller
Input Device: DHT11 Temperature and Humidity Sensor
Circuit Diagram

Code Logic

Using an Output Device via Microcontroller
Output Device: LCD Screen
Circuit Diagram

Code Logic


Real Life Applications

Input and Output devices together can be used for a variety of real life applications. Some of these are as below:

1. Attandance marking system
2. Visitor counter
3. Electronic parking slot display
4. Remote controlled vehicles
5. Intelligent path finding autonomous vehicles
6. Health monitor in hospitals
7. Autoamtic street lighting
8. Remote sensing
9. Image processing
10. Medical devices

The above mentions are just few of the obvious applications. The real canvas of possiblities is actually endless and only limited to the imagination.

Using both Input and Output device together

Precautions And Safety Measures:

1. Always be attentive and cautious to avoid any hazard
2. Always wear protective gear (cloths, shoes, glasse, gloves etc)
3. Get proper introductory training before using any power tool
4. Always keep the tools at designated place after use
5. Keep the Makers Space clean and tidy
6. Do not eat or drink in Makers Space

Hand Tools:

Tools	Description
Hacksaw	Hacksaw frames are used in carpentry for sawing purposes. They are made to take 8-,10- or 12- inch blades.
Pliers	Pliers are common hand tools found in almost every household. They help to hold objects firmly, bend other materials, and remove unwanted elements.
File	A file is a tool used to remove fine amounts of material from a workpiece. It is common in woodworking, metalworking, and other similar trade and hobby tasks.
Bench Vise	In order to hold the work piece in place, the bench vise is used. It prevents the movement of the work piece while working on it and makes the handler’s job very easy.
G Clamp	A C-clamp or G-clamp is a type of clamp device typically used to hold a wood or metal workpiece, and often used in, but are not limited to, carpentry and welding.
Mallet	A mallet is a kind of hammer, often made of rubber or sometimes wood, that is smaller than a maul or beetle, and usually has a relatively large head.
Hammer	These are designed to deliver high force on a small area. Hammers are made from a good grade of tool steel. This tool steel is hardened and drawn to a blue colour at the eye and dark straw.
Coping Saw	A coping saw is a type of bow saw used to cut intricate external shapes and interior cut-outs in woodworking or carpentry. It is widely used to cut moldings to create coped rather than mitre joints.
Spanner	A wrench or spanner is a tool used to provide grip and mechanical advantage in applying torque to turn objects—usually rotary fasteners, such as nuts and bolts—or keep them from turning.
Screw Driver	Screw drivers are of several kinds. Each is unique for its own purpose. Therefore it is necessary for a tool maker to have a set of screw drivers for all requirements.
Try Square	An implement used to check and mark right angles in constructional work. A try square is a woodworking tool used for marking and measuring a piece of wood.
Measuring Tape	A tape measure or measuring tape is a flexible ruler and used to measure distance. Its design allows for a measure of great length to be easily carried in pocket or toolkit and permits one to measure around curves or corners.

Power Tools:

Tools	Description
Angle Grinder	Angle grinders are also labeled as side grinders or disc grinders, and they’re a handheld power tool that grind, cut, and polish various objects and materials. They can be powered by compressed air, an electric motor or petrol engine.
Chop Saw	A chop saw is a power tool that used to make straight cuts in wood. It may have features that allow it to cut angles, which makes it a miter saw
Drills	A drill is a tool primarily used for making round holes or driving fasteners. It is fitted with a bit, either a drill or driver, depending on application, secured by a chuck. Some powered drills also include a hammer function.
Bench Drill	The bench drill is a smaller version of the pillar drill. This type of machine drill is used for drilling light weight pieces of material.
Bench Grinder	A bench grinder is a benchtop type of grinding machine used to drive abrasive wheels. A pedestal grinder is a similar or larger version of grinder that is mounted on a pedestal, which may be bolted to the floor or may sit on rubber feet.
Table Saw	A table saw is a woodworking tool, consisting of a circular saw blade, mounted on an arbor, that is driven by an electric motor. The blade protrudes through the top of a table, which provides support for the material, usually wood, being cut.
Sander	A sander is a power tool used to smooth surfaces by abrasion with sandpaper. Sanders have a means to attach the sandpaper and a mechanism to move it rapidly contained within a housing with means to hand-hold it or fix it to a workbench.
Milter Saw	It is a powerful tool designed for making cuts at quite a few different angles. Also known as “compound miter saws”, these work by having a blade mounted to a swing arm that can pivot either right or left to create cuts that are angled.
Planer	The planer is a power tool that helps woodworkers create parallel pieces of wood for various projects. They’re used to make a board of wood that has already been jointed (hence the frequent comparison to jointers) flat into equal end-to-end thickness
Power Hacksaw	Power hacksaws are used to cut large sizes (sections) of metals such as steel. Cutting diameters of more than 10/15mm is very hard work with a normal hand held hacksaw.

Working With Different Tools:

1. Cutting Wood on Miter Saw
   
2. Metal Sheet Drill on Table Top Drill
   

Modelling in 2D : Inkscape

1. AFter opening Inkscape > File > New From Template
2. Select a template or define your screen size
3. Page Grid can be selected from view menu for better precision

4. Select a shape from left menu or use the free draw tool to draw the shape
5. The shape properties can be set on the right side from 'Fill and Stroke'

6. Objects can be converted into path from path - Object to path
7. To delete a partial part, select path, select the nodes by mouse drag and delete the nodes from top menu

8. Go to file > Save As > select the fromat and save

The above image dxf file is available here

Modelling in 3D : Fusion 360

• Toolbar: Located across the top of the screen, the toolbar displays a selection of the main functions used to create and manipulate models. Clicking on the drop-down arrows will display all possible commands available in each category. The shortcuts displayed on the toolbar are customizable.
• Browser: The browser, located on the left of the screen, shows you all your components, bodies, and planes in a file structure. Right now we have one component (Unsaved), with just one body (Box). You can rename items by double-clicking on their names. Use the triangles on the left to open/collapse folders, and toggle the visibility of bodies and planes with the lightbulb
• Timeline: The timeline at the bottom is a key part of Fusion 360, setting it apart from other CAD software. It contains a running list of commands executed in creating your model. Right now, it merely displays the 'Create Box' command we used. This allows users to see exactly how each model was made, roll back the timeline to any point they wish, and make edits and additions to features as needed.
• Navigation and Display: These boxes let you toggle the display settings and manually navigate the view. There are some useful shortcuts for this with a mouse

Steps:

1. Create a sketch : Sketches are exactly what they sound like: lines and curves on a 2D plane. To create one, click on the 'Create Sketch' button on the toolbar, and select which plane you would like to draw on. The view will switch from a 3D to 2D perspective
2. Extrude Your 2D Shapes : The first thing we have to do is select which profiles to extrude. To select more than one profile, just hold the shift key while selecting. Use the arrows or the menu to specify how far to extrude
3. Add Some Finishing Touches
4. Save and Export

Here is the video of modelling the hovercarft frame in Fusion 360 :

This file can be found here

3D Printing

The 3D printing process builds a three-dimensional object from a computer-aided design (CAD) model. Molten material is desposited layer by layer as per the CAD model provided. So, this method is also called additive manufacturing.

Type of 3D Printer

Makers Space has Fused deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D Printer. It uses production grade thermal plastic material which is melted and then deposited layer by layer to construct the 3D model. The Ideamaker software slices the 3D model into several layers and then the 3D printer deposits the Molten thermal plastic material layer by layer. The model at lab has two separate nozzles to use two different color material at the same time - which can be programmed as per the requirements.

Steps

1. Create a 3d CAD model
   • Here, I have used Fusion 360 to create a CAD model
   • The file is exported in .stl format
   • The stl file is here
2. Use Ideamaker software for printing
   • Open the .stl file in Ideamaker
   • Make adjustments for size and scale
   • Preview the print duration


3. Provide the file to 3D printer for printing
   • 3D Printer used : Raise 3D N2 printer
     
   • Copy the final .stl file in pendrive
   • Start the printing and wait for completion

Introduction

3D scanning is the process of analyzing a real-world object or environment to collect data on its shape and possibly its appearance (e.g. colour). The collected data can then be used to construct digital 3D models. A 3D scanner can be based on many different technologies, each with its own limitations, advantages and costs. Many limitations in the kind of objects that can be digitised are still present. for example, optical technology may encounter many difficulties with shiny, reflective or transparent objects. For example, industrial computed tomography scanning and structured-light 3D scanners can be used to construct digital 3D models, without destructive testing.

Procedure

1. Install the Sense software in laptop and plug the 3D scanning device
2. In the 3D sense scanner, select the appropriate object size
3. Hold the scanner at about 15 inches away from the object and keep moving it aorund the object slowly and steadily
4. Repeat the process to collect more data and fill the gaps. The scanner may lose track in between, then keeping it steady will help regaining the track
5. Once satisfied with scan, click next to finish
6. We can now use tools to crop, trim and touch up the scanned object
7. Save the object. The saved object is here

Final Sacnned Object

The saved object is here

LASER Cutting : Introduction

In LASER cutting, a laser beam is used to cut materials, and is typically used for industrial manufacturing applications. It is mainly used because of its ability to cut with precision. LASER cutting works by directing the output of a high-power LASER beam. The lASER optics and CNC (computer numerical control) are used to direct the material or the LASER beam generated. The focused LASER beam is directed at the material, which then either melts, burns, vaporizes away, or is blown away by a jet of gas,leaving an edge with a high-quality surface finish. The LASER cutter has an advantage that in addition to cutting the material completely, it can also be used for partial cutting and thus generating engravings.

• LASER Cutter used: In Makers Space, we have CO2 LASER Cutter that uses a carbon dioxide mixed laser. It has a wavelength of 10.6 micrometres, and can be used to cut paper, card board, acrylic sheets, wood and even thin metal sheets
• Software Used: The lab system has CorelDraw installed on it. We can either use it or import any vector 2D image to Corel Draw

Precautions and Emergency Stop

Precautions
1. Make sure the AC is on to maintain the room temprature
2. Make sure to switch on the exhaust before starting the print
3. Do not stare at the LASER beam
4. Always be attentive to hit the Emergency Stop button in case of any accident

Emergency Procedure
1. Either press the STOP button on the LASER Cutter : it will cancel all the current processes
2. OR, open the LASER cutter lid, it will switch off the LASER and pause the current job

Procedure

I used the LASER cutting to create the frame for my project. The steps involved are:

1. Create 2D Vector Image : I used the trial version of CorelDraw software to create the frame of my hovercraft. The respective drawing is available here in .cdr format and here in .dxf format.
2. Import the .dxf file in CorelDraw and slect the parts to be cut as 'Hairline'
3. Adjust the printer : after placing the material in the printer, focus the LASER using 'Focus' option on the machine panel. Note the measurements of the origin co-ordinates on the material.
4. Adjust image in CorelDraw : Adjust the alignment of the image to the origin (noted in previous step) and other spaces in order to utilize the material properly.
5. Print Command : Give the print command in CorelDraw. In preferences, adjust the speed, power and number of copies. Then Apply and Print
6. Start the job on Printer : After previous step, select the job on printer panel and press go.

LASER Cut frame

Introduction

CNC milling, or computer numerical control milling, is a machining process which employs computerized controls and rotating multi-point cutting tools to progressively remove material from the workpiece and produce a custom-designed part or product. This process is suitable for machining a wide range of materials, such as metal, plastic, glass, and wood, and producing a variety of custom-designed parts and products.

Several capabilities are offered under the umbrella of precision CNC machining services, including mechanical, chemical, electrical, and thermal processes. CNC milling is a mechanical machining process along with drilling, turning, and a variety of other machining processes, meaning that material is removed from the workpiece via mechanical means, such as the actions of the milling machine's cutting tools.

Common CNC Operations

• Face milling
• Plain milling
• Angular milling
• Form milling

Precautions and Safety

Before going into the procedure, we must keep below safety points in our mind

1. There must be a protective bed (usually wood) below the actual material so that the machine bed does not get affected in case of too much z-depth
2. Always ensure that you wear proper ear protection and a good pair of safety glasses when operating a CNC machine
3. Keep your hands away from any moving parts during machining processes.
4. Stand clear of the machine whenever it is operational. You should also warn any other people near the risk of being too close to it
5. Whenever you are handling or passing tools, avoid touching the cutting edges
6. Ensure that you turn the machine off completely and clean it whenever you have finished using it
7. Emergency Stop Button : The emergency stop button is used to shut down the machine instantly. This button is located on the handheld unit, the control panel, and other places on the machine

Procedure

1. Setting up the machine manually
   • Set the origin of the drill tool by the hand held controller
   • Decrease the z- value gradually until it just touches the material but still able to rotate
   • Once the origin has been set, make sure that the material is properly secured on the bed
   • Attach the vaccum cleaner module to the cutting tool section
   
2. Setting up the Software ASPIRE
   • Create the 2D profile to cut in the ASPIRE software
   • Go to Tool Path > Material Thickness (17mm) > Toolpath Operation (Pocket or Profile) > Cutting depth (0mm) > Cut depth (17mm) > Select tool (6mm)
   • Go to Machine Vactor > Add Tabs > Name the Cut > Calculate.
   • Save the WINCNC GCode in .tap format
   • Copy this file in a pendrive
   
3. Print Command
   • Connect the pend drive having .tap file to the hand controller
   • Switch on the vaccum cleaner
   • Run the machine

Final Product

Introduction

Composites, also known as Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites, are made from a polymer matrix that is reinforced with an engineered, man-made or natural fiber (like glass, carbon or aramid) or other reinforcing material. The matrix protects the fibers from environmental and external damage and transfers the load between the fibers. The fibers, in turn, provide strength and stiffness to reinforce the matrix—and help it resist cracks and fractures.

Benefits :

1. Strong
2. Lightweight
3. Corrosion Resistance
4. Design Flexibility
5. Durability

Epoxy :

Epoxy resins have a well-established record in a wide range of composites parts, structures and concrete repair. The structure of the resin can be engineered to yield a number of different products with varying levels of performance. A major benefit of epoxy resins over unsaturated polyester resins is their lower shrinkage. Epoxy resins can also be formulated with different materials or blended with other epoxy resins to achieve specific performance features. Epoxies are used primarily for fabricating high performance composites with superior mechanical properties, resistance to corrosive liquids and environments, superior electrical properties, good performance at elevated temperatures, good adhesion to a substrate, or a combination of these benefits. Epoxy resins do not however, have particularly good UV resistance.

Open Molding :

Hand Lay-up
Hand lay-up is the most common and least expensive open-molding method because it requires the least amount of equipment. Fiber reinforcements are placed by hand in a mold and resin is applied with a brush or roller. This process is used to make both large and small items, including boats, storage tanks, tubs and showers.

Safety Precautions

When applying epoxy:
1. Wear long sleeved tops and long trousers
2. Wear shoes and socks since epoxy will drip onto feet
3. Wear disposable vinyl gloves
4. Tape over the joint between the gloves and the sleeve if necessary
5. Take care not to rub the wrist with the dirty fingers of the other hand when removing gloves
6. Wash any splashes with warm soapy water as soon as possible
7. Never use solvents

When sanding:
1. Never use solvents
2. Wear long sleeved tops and long trousers and consider wearing coveralls
3. Wear shoes and socks
4. Wear a dust mask
5. Wear a hood or hat and scarf
6. Wear gloves
7. Reduce the area of exposed skin to a minimum
8. Wash dust off skin and hair as soon as convenient
9. Wash clothing after each exposure

Procedure :

1. Put the measuring glass on the digital weighing machine and set the zero
2. Add the required amount of Epoxy Resin to it and then the hardener. The ratio of resin to hardener is 2:1
3. Stirr well the mixture. As this is an exothermic reaction, the glass will feel slightly warmer.
4. Once mixed properly, pour some of this solution on the cling wrapped base.
5. Then one by one put the fabric and cover the it with solution. More the layers stronger will be the composite.
6. Once layers are complete, put the material under pressure for about 24 hours

Hardened Composite